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The ball becomes dead immediately when:
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(1) a PITCH strikes the batter (whether swinging or not) or a runner;
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(2) the ball is illegally BATTED or intentionally struck a second time;
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(3) the batter enters the Batter's Box with an illegal bat;
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(4) a foul ball touches any object other than the ground or any person other than a fielder;
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(5) a foul ball goes directly to the Catcher's body without touching other than his glove or hand.
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(6) there is INTERFERENCE committed by any offensive player or other person;
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(7) a fair ball touches a offensive player or official before passing an infielder, or after passing an infielder, while another infielder has an opportunity to make a play, or touches a spectator; or
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(8) there is Backswing Interference.
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(9) lodges in or passes through or over a fence or other boundary;
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(10) lodges in a player's uniform or equipment.
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(11) is handled by an umpire or an umpire calls "Time", signals "Do Not Pitch" or calls "Foul";
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(12) A fielder leaves the field with both feet (touches the ground outside the boundary with both feet or falls) while possessing the ball;
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(13) an infielder intentionally drops a batted ball in flight with less than two outs and first base occupied.
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(14) under NFHS rules, a Balk or Illegal Pitch is called;
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(15) a batted, thrown or pitched ball touches a designated media area or anyone required to be in it; or
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(16) when malicious contact occurs.
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OBR Dead Ball rules are similar to those under NFHS rules with the following notable exceptions:
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(1) Balks are not an "immediate" dead ball. If a pitch is immediately delivered after the balk was committed, allow play to come to its natural conclusion. If all runners AND the batter have advanced at least one base, the balk is "referenced" (meaning "announced"), however the result of the play remains. If a balk is not enforced, any play on a runner beyond the base they would have been awarded remains. There is never the choice of play or penalty regarding a balk.
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If ANY runner or Batter fail to advance one base on the play following a balk, "Time" is called, and each runner is awarded one base from that occupied at the time of the pitch and the count upon the batter remains the same.
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(2) Obstruction of a player BEING PLAYED UPON causes an immediate dead ball. The obstructed runner is awarded the base or bases, in the judgment of the umpire, that negate the act of obstruction. Preceding runners advance if forced by any penalty imposed. Trailing runners are placed at the discretion of the umpire.
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(3) Obstruction of a player NOT being played upon causes a delayed dead ball and is enforced the same as the NFHS rule.
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"Delayed Dead Ball" - The ball becomes dead at the end of playing action when:
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(1) Batter's Interference is called;
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(2) a defensive player obstructs an offensive player;
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(3) a defensive player obstructs the ball with detached player equipment;
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(4) the Umpire interferes with the Catcher's attempt to throw;
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(5) any offensive team personnel call "Time" or otherwise act to cause the Pitcher to balk;
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(6) anyone required to wear a helmet intentionally removes it while the ball is alive and in live ball territory;
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(7) a coach physically assists a runner;
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(8) a ball touches an illegal glove or mitt;
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(9) time is taken to award bases when a defensive player obstructs a runner;
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(10) an intentional base on balls is awarded;
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(11) when base-running penalties are imposed.
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